I te marama o Ākuhata, i kī ngā kaimātai matū ka taea e rātou te mahi i te mea kua roa e kore e taea: te wawahi i ētahi o ngā poke rauropi pumau rawa atu i raro i ngā āhuatanga ngawari. Ko ngā matū per- me polyfluoroalkyl (PFAS), e kiia ana he matū pumau tonu, kei te kohikohi i roto i te taiao me ō tātou tinana i te tere whakamataku. Ko tō rātou pakari, i ahu mai i te here waro-fluorine uaua ki te wawahi, ka tino whai hua te PFAS hei paninga ā-wai me te korepiri me te pahuka tinei ahi, engari ko te tikanga ka mau tonu ngā matū mō ngā rautau. Ko ētahi o ngā mema o tēnei akomanga nui o ngā matū e mōhiotia ana he paitini.
I kitea e te tīma, i arahina e te matū matū o Te Whare Wānanga o Northwestern, a William Dichtel, me te tauira paerua o taua wā, a Brittany Trang, he ngoikore i roto i ngā waikawa perfluoroalkyl carboxylic me te matū GenX, he wāhanga o tētahi atu momo PFAS. Mā te whakamahana i ngā matū i roto i te whakarewa ka tapahia te rōpū waikawa carboxylic o ngā matū; mā te tāpiri o te konutai hauwai ka oti te toenga o te mahi, ka waiho ngā katote fluoride me ngā ngota waro tino pai. Ka taea te whakatutuki i tēnei whati o te here C–F tino kaha i te 120 °C noa iho (Science 2022, DOI: 10.1126/science.abm8868). Ko te tumanako a ngā kaipūtaiao ki te whakamātautau i te tikanga ki ētahi atu momo PFAS.
I mua i tēnei mahi, ko ngā rautaki pai rawa atu mō te whakaora i te PFAS ko te pupuri i ngā matū, te wawahi rānei i a rātou i ngā pāmahana tino teitei mā te whakamahi i te nui o te pūngao—tērā pea kāore e tino whai hua, e ai ki a Jennifer Faust, he tohunga matū i te Kāreti o Wooster. "Koia te take he tino whai hua tēnei tukanga pāmahana iti," tana kī.
I tino manakohia tēnei tikanga wetewete hou i roto i te horopaki o ētahi atu kitenga o te tau 2022 mō te PFAS. I te marama o Ākuhata, i kōrero ngā kairangahau o Te Whare Wānanga o Stockholm i arahina e Ian Cousins, kei roto i te wai ua huri noa i te ao ngā taumata waikawa perfluorooctanoic (PFOA) e nui ake ana i te taumata tohutohu a te Tari Tiaki Taiao o Amerika mō taua matū i roto i te wai inu (Environ. Sci. Technol. 2022, DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c02765). I kitea anō hoki e te rangahau he nui ngā taumata o ētahi atu PFAS i roto i te wai ua.
"Kua roa te wā kāore i hangaia te PFOA me te PFOS [perfluorooctanesulfonic acid], nō reira e whakaatu ana tēnei i te roa o tō rāua pumau," te kī a Faust. "Kāore au i whakaaro ka pēnei te nui." Ko te mahi a Cousins, e ai ki a ia, "ko te pito noa iho tēnei o te hukapapa." Kua kitea e Faust ngā momo PFAS hou ake—ngā momo kāore i te aro turukihia e te EPA—i roto i te wai ua o Amerika i ngā kukū teitei ake i ēnei matū tawhito (Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts 2022, DOI: 10.1039/d2em00349j).
Wā tuku: Hakihea-19-2022