I aro atu ngā ētita o C&EN ki ēnei kitenga rerekē i tēnei tau
nā Krystal Vasquez
TE MEA NGARO O PEPTO-BISMOL
Whiwhinga: Nat. Commun.
Te hanganga o te Bismuth subsalicylate (Bi = māwhero; O = whero; C = hina)
I tēnei tau, i huraina e tētahi rōpū kairangahau mai i Te Whare Wānanga o Stockholm tētahi mea ngaro o te rautau: te hanganga o te bismuth subsalicylate, te matū hohe i roto i te Pepto-Bismol (Nat. Commun. 2022, DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29566-0). Mā te whakamahi i te diffraction irahiko, i kitea e ngā kairangahau kei roto te pūhui i ngā paparanga rite ki te tokotoko. I waenganui o ia tokotoko, ka tauwhitiwhiti ngā anion hāora i waenga i te hono i ngā kationa bismuth e toru me te whā. I taua wā, ka hono ngā anion salicylate ki te bismuth mā roto i ō rātou rōpū carboxylic, phenolic rānei. Mā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga karu hikohiko, i kitea anō hoki e ngā kairangahau ngā rerekētanga o te whakarārangi paparanga. E whakapono ana rātou ko tēnei whakaritenga koretake pea te whakamārama he aha i kore ai e kitea e ngā kaipūtaiao te hanganga o te bismuth subsalicylate mō te wā roa.
Whiwhinga: Nā Roozbeh Jafari
Ka taea e ngā pūoko graphene e piri ana ki te ringaringa te ine tonu i te pēhanga toto.
Ngā moko pēhanga toto
Neke atu i te 100 tau te roa o te aroturuki i tō toto toto, ā, ko te tikanga o tēnei tikanga he pēhi i tō ringa ki tētahi poroporo pupuhi. Heoi, ko tētahi ngoikoretanga o tēnei tikanga, ko ia inenga he whakaahua iti noa iho o te hauora o te ngākau me te ngākau o te tangata. Engari i te tau 2022, i hangaia e ngā kaipūtaiao he "moko" graphene rangitahi ka taea te aroturuki tonu i te toto toto mō ngā haora maha i te wā kotahi (Nat. Nanotechnol. 2022, DOI: 10.1038/s41565-022-01145-w). Ka mahi te huinga pūoko waro mā te tuku i ngā iahiko hiko iti ki roto i te ringaringa o te kaimau me te aroturuki i te huringa o te ngaohiko i te nekehanga o te iahiko i roto i ngā kiko o te tinana. Ka hono tēnei uara ki ngā huringa o te rahinga toto, ka taea e te rauropi rorohiko te whakamaori ki ngā inenga toto toto systolic me te diastolic. E ai ki tētahi o ngā kaituhi o te rangahau, a Roozbeh Jafari o Te Whare Wānanga o Texas A&M, ka tukuna e te taputapu ki ngā tākuta he huarahi kore e kitea hei aroturuki i te hauora o te ngākau o te tūroro mō ngā wā roa. Ka āwhina pea i ngā tohunga hauora ki te tātari i ngā āhuatanga ke atu e pā ana ki te toto toto tiketike—pērā i te haerenga ahotea ki te tākuta.
NGĀ WHAKAPĀNUI I HANGAIA E TE TANGATA
Whiwhinga: Mikal Schlosser/TU Denmark
Tokowhā ngā tūao i noho i roto i tētahi rūma e whakahaeretia ana te āhuarangi, kia taea ai e ngā kairangahau te ako i te pānga o te tangata ki te kounga o te hau o roto.
E mōhio ana ngā kaipūtaiao he pānga ngā hua horoi, te peita, me ngā mea whakamātao hau ki te kounga o te hau o roto. I kitea e ngā kairangahau i tēnei tau ka pā anō hoki ki te tangata. Mā te whakanoho i ētahi tūao tokowhā ki roto i tētahi rūma e whakahaerehia ana te āhuarangi, i kitea e tētahi tīma ka taea e ngā hinu taiao i runga i te kiri o te tangata te tauhohe ki te ozone i te rangi hei whakaputa i ngā rauropi hydroxyl (OH) (Science 2022, DOI: 10.1126/science.abn0340). Kia hangaia, ka taea e ēnei rauropi tino tauhohe te whakahāngai i ngā matū rererangi me te whakaputa i ngā ngota kino pea. Ko te hinu kiri e whai wāhi ana ki ēnei tauhohe ko te squalene, e tauhohe ana ki te ozone hei hanga i te 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one (6-MHO). Kātahi ka tauhohe te ozone ki te 6-MHO hei hanga i te OH. Kei te whakamahere ngā kairangahau ki te hanga i runga i tēnei mahi mā te rangahau me pēhea te rerekētanga o ngā taumata o ēnei rauropi hydroxyl i hangaia e te tangata i raro i ngā āhuatanga taiao rerekē. I tēnei wā, ko te tumanako ka meinga e ēnei kitenga ngā kaipūtaiao kia whakaaro anō ki te aromatawai i te matū o roto, nā te mea kāore i te kitea te tangata hei puna tukunga.
PŪTAIAO HAUMARU-POROKA
Hei ako i ngā matū e paitini ana i ngā poroka hei tiaki i a rātou anō, me tango e ngā kairangahau he tauira kiri mai i ngā kararehe. Engari he maha ngā wā ka pā kino ngā tikanga tauira o nāianei ki ēnei amphibian ngawari, ka hiahiatia rānei te whakamate i a rātou anō. I te tau 2022, i whakawhanakehia e ngā kaipūtaiao he tikanga atawhai ake hei tauira i ngā poroka mā te whakamahi i tētahi taputapu e kiia nei ko te MasSpec Pen, e whakamahi ana i tētahi tauira rite ki te pene hei kohi i ngā alkaloid kei te tuara o ngā kararehe (ACS Meas. Sci. Au 2022, DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.2c00035). I hangaia te taputapu e Livia Eberlin, he matū tātari i Te Whare Wānanga o Texas i Austin. I te tīmatanga, i hangaia hei āwhina i ngā taote pokanga ki te wehewehe i waenga i ngā kiko hauora me ngā kiko matepukupuku i roto i te tinana tangata, engari i kite a Eberlin ka taea te whakamahi i te taputapu hei ako i ngā poroka i muri i tana tūtakitanga ki a Lauren O'Connell, he tohunga koiora i Te Whare Wānanga o Stanford e ako ana i te āhua o te metabolization me te tango i ngā alkaloid e ngā poroka.
Whiwhinga: Livia Eberlin
Ka taea e te pene ine papatipu te whakamātautau i te kiri o ngā poroka paitini me te kore e whara i ngā kararehe.
Whiwhinga: Pūtaiao/Zhenan Bao
Ka taea e tētahi irahiko totoro, kawe hiko te ine i te ngohe hiko o ngā uaua o te wheke.
NGĀ IRIHIRI E TIKA ANA MŌ TE WEKERE
He akoranga pea te hoahoa i ngā hikohiko koiora hei whakamātau i te whakarērea. He maha ngā wā ka pakari haere ngā pūmua ngāwari i te whakapai ake i ō rātou āhuatanga hiko. Engari i puta mai i tētahi rōpū kairangahau i arahina e Zhenan Bao o Te Whare Wānanga o Stanford tētahi hikohiko he totoro, he kawe hiko hoki, e whakakotahi ana i ngā mea pai o ngā ao e rua. Ko te mea nui o te hikohiko ko ōna wāhanga honohono—kua arotauhia ia wāhanga kia kawe hiko, kia ngāwari rānei te hanga kia kore ai e whakahē i ngā āhuatanga o tētahi atu. Hei whakaatu i ōna pūkenga, i whakamahia e Bao te hikohiko hei whakaoho i ngā neuron i roto i te take roro o ngā kiore me te ine i te ngohe hiko o ngā uaua o te wheke. I whakaatuhia e ia ngā hua o ngā whakamātautau e rua i te hui a te American Chemical Society i te ngahuru 2022.
RĀKAU ĀRAI PŪ
Whiwhinga: ACS Nano
Ka taea e tēnei pukupuku rakau te pei i ngā matā me te iti o te kino.
I tēnei tau, i hangaia e tētahi rōpū kairangahau nā Huiqiao Li o te Whare Wānanga Pūtaiao me te Hangarau o Huazhong i ārahi tētahi pukupuku rakau he kaha ki te ārai i te pupuhitanga o tētahi pū revolver 9 mm (ACS Nano 2022, DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c10725). Ko te kaha o te rakau i ahu mai i ōna rau lignocellulose me tētahi polymer siloxane honohono-whiti. Ka ātete te lignocellulose ki te pakaru nā ōna hononga hauwai tuarua, ka taea te hanga anō ina whati. I taua wā, ka pakari ake te polymer ngāwari ina pāngia. Hei hanga i te rauemi, i ahu mai a Li i te pirarucu, he ika nō Amerika ki te Tonga he kiri pakari hei tu atu i ngā niho koi o te piranha. Nā te mea he mama ake te pukupuku rakau i ētahi atu rauemi ātete-pānga, pērā i te maitai, e whakapono ana ngā kairangahau ka taea te whakamahi i te rakau mō ngā mahi hōia me te rererangi.
Wā tuku: Hakihea-19-2022